Slide 22 of 50
Notes:
1.Most cases of Lyme disease occur in New England, upper Midwestern states and states in the Pacific Northwest; however, 47 of 50 states have reported incidents of Lyme disease.
2.The pathogen responsible for Lyme disease is Borrelia burgdorferi, a spirochete transmitted by Ixodes scapularis and Ixodes pacificus ticks.
3. The illness occurs in three stages, which are based on time
elapsed after the tick bite.
)The early localized stage (within the first month of the tick bite) is characterized by erythema migrans, an expanding red patch or ring at the tick bite site exceeding 5 cm, and often an accompanying flu-like illness.
)The disseminated stage (one to four months after the tick bite) is typically characterized by relapsing arthritis, aseptic meningitis, Bell's palsy and carditis.
)Late-stage symptoms (four months to several years after the tick bite) include chronic arthritis, fatigue, encephalopathy and neuropsychiatric changes.
